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Edessa - ܐܘܪܗܝ

http://syriaca.org/place/78
A city of Mesopotamia, the capital of the ancient kingdom of Osrhoene, modern Urfa.

Names

  • ܐܘܪܗܝ
  • Edessa2, 5, 6, 7
  • ܐܘܪܗܳܝ3, 8
  • ܐܘܪܦܰܗ̈3
  • ܡܕܝܢܬܐ14
  • أَذاسا12
  • الرها4
  • الرُّهاء12
  • اورفه4
  • Adme1
  • Antiochia Kallirhoe1
  • Urfa2, 5, 7
  • Urhay1

Place Type

settlement

Location

  • Coordinates :
    • Lat. 37.15° Long. 38.8°2
  • “ five day journey eastward from Aleppo ” 5

Descriptions

“ܡܕܺܝܢܬܐ ܗܳܝ ܛܒܝܒܬܳܐ ܠܡܰܕܢܚܳܐ ܕܚܳܠܳܒ ܚܰܡܫܳܐ ܝܰܘܡ̈ܝܢ ܘܡܶܫܬܰܡܗܐ ܝܰܘܡܳܢ ܐܘܪܦܰܗ̈” 3
“مدينة مشهورة خمسة ايام عن حلب شرقا وتسمى اليوم اورفه.” 4
“183. Edessa” 1
A city of Mesopotamia, the capital of the ancient kingdom of Osrhoene, modern Urfa.
“a famous city, five day journey eastward from Aleppo, now called Urfa.” 5

Events

Renamed Edessa by Seleucus I Nicator. 1 Flood of the river Daiṣan destroyed part of city. 1 Full incorporation into the Roman Empire. 1 Closure of the "School of the Persians." 1 Edessa conquered by the Arabs. 1 Edessa conquered by the Crusaders. 1 Edessa conquered by Zengi of Mosul. 1 Edessa incorporated into the Ottoman Empire. 1 Massacres of some of Armenian and Syriac Christians during World War I. 1 Emigration of remaining Armenian and Syrian Christians to Aleppo. 1

Attestations

Attestation of Christian church in Edessa according to the Chronicle of Edessa [http://syriaca.org/work/119] . 10 Attestation of anti-Chalcedonian bishop in Edessa according to the Chronicle of Edessa [http://syriaca.org/work/119] . 10 Attestation of Chalcedonian bishop in Edessa according to the Chronicle of Edessa [http://syriaca.org/work/119] . 10 Attestation of Chalcedonian author in Edessa according to the Chronicle of Edessa [http://syriaca.org/work/119] . 10 Attestation of name ܐܘܪܗܝ in the anonymous Chronicle of 1234 [http://syriaca.org/work/113] . ܐܘܪܗܝ 9 Attestation of Syrian Orthodox church in Edessa in the anonymous Chronicle of 1234 [http://syriaca.org/work/113] . 9 Attestation of names الرُّهاء and أَذاسا in the Muʿjam al-buldān of Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. الرُّهاء12 أَذاسا12 12 Attestation of Syrian Orthodox metropolitan for Edessa according to Barsoum's Scattered Pearls [http://syriaca.org/work/215] . 5

Notes

GEDSH article identifies its river as the Balikh, but the identification is contested.

Known Religious Communities

This list is not necessarily exhaustive, and the order does not represent importance or proportion of the population. Dates do not represent starting or ending dates of a group's presence, but rather when they are attested. Instead, the list only represents groups for which Syriaca.org has source(s) and dates.

  • Christians (attested as early as 201, as late as 1624) 1
    • Syriac (attested as early as 520, as late as 1624)
      • West Syrian (attested as early as 520, as late as 1624)
        • Melkite (attested as early as 522, as late as 540)
        • Syrian Orthodox (attested as early as 520, as late as 1624) 1
    • Latin (no attestations yet recorded) 1
  • Jews (no attestations yet recorded) 11
  • Muslims (no attestations yet recorded) 1
Status: published  Is this record complete?

See Also

Works Cited

Any information without attribution has been created following the Syriaca.org editorial guidelines.

  • 1 A. Harrak, "Edessa." in Sebastian P. Brock et al. (eds.), The Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage (Piscataway,NJ: Gorgias Press, 2011), p: 138-139.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 2 Sebastian P. Brock et al. (eds.), The Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage (Piscataway,NJ: Gorgias Press, 2011), p: 1, 4, 5–6 (with fig. 1), 9–10, 13, 15–16, 18, 26, 29, 31, 33–34, 36, 37–38, 41, 46, 54, 56, 60, 64, 69, 71, 74, 84, 86, 90, 97–98, 99, 102, 107–108, 126, 127, 128, 132–133, 138–139 (with fig. 47), 145, 153, 155, 162, 163, 164, 178, 191–192, 195–196, 197, 199, 201–202, 209, 213, 220, 229, 237, 249, 252, 260–261, 262, 266, 267, 268, 270, 271–272, 273, 284, 287, 288, 303–304, 314, 316, 317, 322, 327–328, 332, 335, 343, 346, 348, 350, 351, 352, 356, 361, 363, 367, 376, 377, 384, 390, 392, 398, 401, 403, 407, 410–411, 419, 431, 432, 433, 438–439, 444, 446, 448, map: Map I B1, II B1, III.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 3 Ignatius Afram Barsoum, Berule bdire d-ʿal yulpone suryoye hdire, trans. Philoxenos Yuḥanon Dolabani, 2nd ed. (Holland: Bar Hebraeus Verlag, 1991), p: 556.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 4 Ignatius Afram Barsoum, al-Luʼluʼ al-manthūr fī tārīkh al-ʻulūm wa-al-ādāb al-Suryāniyyah, 4th ed. (Holland: Bar Hebraeus Verlag, 1987), p: 516.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 5 Ignatius Afram Barsoum, The Scattered Pearls: A History of Syriac Literature and Sciences, trans. Matti Moosa, 2nd rev. ed. (Piscataway,NJ: Gorgias Press, 2003), p: 553.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 6 Sergey Minov (ed.), A Comprehensive Bibliography on Syriac Christianity (The Center for the Study of Christianity, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2013), entry: Edessa.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 7 David Wilmshurst, The ecclesiastical organisation of the Church of the East, 1318-1913, Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, vol. 582; Subsidia, tomus 104 (Leuven: Peeters, 2000), p: 53, 65, 361, 362.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 8 William Wright, Catalogue of Syriac Manuscripts in the British Museum acquired since the year 1838 (London: Gilbert and Rivington, 1870-1872), p: 2:912.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 9 Jean-Baptiste Chabot (ed.), Anonymi auctoris chronicon ad annum Christi 1234 pertinens, Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, vol. 81, 82, 109; Scriptores Syri, tomus 36, 37, 56 (Paris: E Typographeo Reipublicae, 1916-1937), p: 2:136.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 10 Ignatius Guidi (ed.), Chronica Minora, Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, vol. 1-2; Scriptores Syri, tomus 1-2 (Paris: E Typographeo Reipublicae, 1903), p: 1:2, 11, 13.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 11 Han J. W. Drijvers, "Jews and Christians at Edessa." Journal of Jewish Studies vol. 36 (1985)., p: 90, 102.
  • 12 Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār al-kutub al-ʿilmiyya, 1990), p: I:155; III:120.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.
  • 13 Ernest Walter Brooks, Iohannis Ephesini historiae ecclesiasticae pars tertia, CSCO Syr. III.3 (Louvain: L. Durbecq, 1935-1936), p: 119; 155; 157; 165; 313, chapter: 3.3.27; 3.3.28; 3.3.29; 3.3.33; 3.6.17.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.Link to Zotero Bibliographic RecordLink to Zotero Bibliographic Record
  • 14 Ernest Walter Brooks, Iohannis Ephesini historiae ecclesiasticae pars tertia, CSCO Syr. III.3 (Louvain: L. Durbecq, 1935-1936), p: 156, chapter: 3.3.28.Link to Syriaca.org web application Bibliographic Record.Link to Zotero Bibliographic RecordLink to Zotero Bibliographic Record

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson et al., “Edessa — ܐܘܪܗܝ ” last modified February 16, 2024, http://syriaca.org/place/78.

Bibliography:

Thomas A. Carlson et al., “Edessa — ܐܘܪܗܝ .”, edited by ., edited by David A. Michelson et al.. Syriaca.org: The Syriac Reference Portal, 2024. Entry published February 16, 2024. http://syriaca.org/place/78.

About this Entry

Entry Title: Edessa — ܐܘܪܗܝ

Additional Credit:

  • Data from John of Ephesus added by Silvio Roggo
  • Record validation, normalization, and revisions for the second edition (2.0) by Daniel L. Schwartz
  • Record validation, normalization, and revisions for the second edition (2.0) by William L. Potter
  • Record validation, normalization, and revisions for the second edition (2.0) by David A. Michelson
  • Wilmshurst index information entry by Anthony Davis
  • Arabic description entry by Dayroyo Roger-Youssef Akhrass
  • Syriac description entry by Robert Aydin
  • Data merging, Pleiades and Wikipedia linking, and XML by Thomas A. Carlson
  • Initial Barsoum entry creation by David A. Michelson

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